Carriage sand an tibiotic resistance of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis colonizing the nasopharynx of children

Data about the carriage rate and antibiotic resistance pattern in the common respiratory pathogens Streptococcuspneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis is variable from country to the other. The aim of our study was to evaluate these data in our country. It was found that the carriage rate is higher in children attending daycare centers; S.pneumoniae was the most commonly isolated organism followed by M.catarrhalis and finally H.influenzae. Penicillin resistant S.pneumoniae was discovered in 57 percent of positive cases, Beta-lactamase producing M.catarrhalis was also discovered in about 50 percent of isolates. Resistance to penicillin in S.pneumoniae isolates led to a higher rate of resistance to other antibiotics as well such as Cefotaxime, Azithromycin and Co-trimoxazole. It is to be noted that resistance to various antibiotics differed from one country to the other

Efficiency of some sanitizes used in food establishment against E. coli

The efficacy of 4 commonly used food establishment sanitizers against E. coli was evaluated. E. coli O: K [B] was exposed to [i] 70% [vol/vol] nary ammonium compound and [iv] 100 ppm available chlorine [sodium hypochlorite] for a period of two minutes. According to the sanitizer test of Association of Official Analytical Chemists, all sanitizers used showed efficacy of > 99.999% against the organism. Sanitizers [i], [ii] and [iii] proved to be very effective as the organism failed to recover on plated after exposure, while [iv] showed comparatively lower lethal effect at the used concentration. The economic and public health significance of proper sanitation practice in food establishment was discussed

Comparative study of various methods of ZN staining in sputum for tuberculosis

A comparative study of the sputum microscopy of 200 cases of tuberculosis was done. The sputum was examined separately using two procedures, one being the standard ZN stain and the other omitted secondary decolorization with alcohol. The overall results, in positive cases, showed no statistically significant difference between either procedures. Certain recommendations for further investigation to achieve optimum utilization were presented

Studies on the anaerobic sporiferous in surface water in Egypt

A total of 60 surface water samples were collected from different surface water sources in Egypt. The mean total anaerobic count 255 4 out of 21 strains of clostridia isolated, 13 proved to be Cl. perfringens [21.06%], 4 each of Cl. tetani and Cl. septicum [6.3%]

Role of colonic bacteria in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection

160 children aged between 2-12 years [60 circumcised males and 100 females] with clinically suspected urinary tract infection [UTI] were examined. Culture for urine stool and anogenital swab were done. Evaluation of personal habits and local hygiene of anogenital area for every case assessed using suitable questionnaire. Bacteriological examination of urine showed that 86.9% of the cases had positive urine culture and significantly bacterial count with predominance of E. coli 53.2% of cases, Klebsiella in 17.3% and Proteus 8.6%. The other organisms represent 20.8% of the total cases. Pathogenic organisms were isolated from stools in 45% of cases. Swabs of anogenital region revealed that 38.8% of cases had a positive swab culture. Matching between culture of urine, stools and anogenital region found that serotyping of E. coli stains are the same in 20 cases. Klebsiella and Proteus isolated from urine, stools and perianal region had the same biochemical reaction in 13 cases. 6.1% of the cases had local hygienic cause related to anogenital region. Thus, it is advisable to follow a strict hygienic measures for carring of anogenital region and for prevention of contamination and ascending urinary tract infection

Evaluation of different media used for recovery of campylobacter spp

The capacity of five Campylobacter selective plating media [Campylobacter blood free, Preston, Blood agar plus Blasser-Wang supp., Brucella agar plus Blasser-Wang supp. and Columbia agar plus Blasser-Wang supp.] and 3 selective enrichment broth [brain heart infusion broth either supplemented with Preston or Blasser-Wang or cefoperazone] were tested for their sensitivity to recover the different Campylobacter biotypes [C. jejune and C. fetus] from artificially contaminated milk. Columbia agar with Blasser-Wang supplement proved to be the best selective medium for isolation of Campylobacters. While Campylobacter blood free was the poorest medium. The confirmed technique of enriched milk samples in BHI broth plus cefoperazone [32 mg/L] and its incubation microaerobically at 42C for 2 days, followed by plating on Columbia agar selective basal medium with Blasser-Wang supplement and incubated for 2 days at 42C proved to be more productive for recovery of Campylobacters from contaminated materials

hygienic status of some hospital kitchens in Cairo city

This study was done on 4 hospital kitchens. Each was visited three times at the rush hour. Specimen was subjected to bacteriological examination. Results obtained point out that all examined samples failed to pass acceptable standard applied abroad. This is due to the low standard of hygienic measures adopted. Bacteriological satisfaction can only be achieved by rigid attention to every detail of personal and kitchen hygiene. Suggested measures to improve the sanitary condition of food serving establishments is discussed